Richard Abel Gardner, b: 1632 -

^{1776 Declaration of Independence}
^{1789 George Washington first president}
^{1803 Louisiana Territory Purchased}
^{1805 Lewis and Clark reach Pacific}
^{1812 - 1814 War of 1812 with Britain}

^{1735 Freedom of press established}
^{1740 Colony population = 1.5 million}
^{1754 - 1763 Anglo-French War}
^{1773 Boston Tea Party tax rebellion}
^{1775 - 1783 Revolutionary War}

^{1638 Printing press reaches America}
^{1664 English capture/rename New York}
^{1681 La Salle explores Louisiana}
^{1700 American colonies prosper}
^{1720 Texas becomes Spanish possession}




			^{Richard Abel Gardner}^b.1632 d.

	^{Richard Abel Gardner}^b.1656 d.

	^{Hope Gardner}^{b.1669 Nantucke, Massachusetts d.1750}



			^{Sarah Shattuck}^{b.1632 d.1674}